有限合伙持股平臺與有限公司持股平臺相比較，有效合伙持股平臺具有以下三方面優(yōu)勢：

Compared with limited company shareholding platforms, effective partnership shareholding platforms have the following three advantages:

決策高效

Efficient decision-making

在有限合伙企業(yè)層面，由創(chuàng)始股東或其掌控的有限公司作為合伙企業(yè)的普通合伙人，由激勵(lì)對象作為有限合伙人。根據(jù)《合伙企業(yè)法》的規(guī)定，有限合伙企業(yè)由普通合伙人執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)，有限合伙人不執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)，不得對外代表有限合伙企業(yè)。因此，有限合伙企業(yè)可以由創(chuàng)始股東實(shí)際掌控，且可以依法獨(dú)自進(jìn)行決策，避免如有限公司形式下各種機(jī)構(gòu)之間的內(nèi)耗，顯著提高決策效率。當(dāng)然，也不能為了過分追求高效而變成創(chuàng)始股東獨(dú)裁，否則必將挫傷作為有限合伙人的激勵(lì)對象的積極性。依據(jù)《合伙企業(yè)法》第六十八條，有限合伙人對合伙企業(yè)享有一定的監(jiān)督權(quán)和重大事項(xiàng)的決策權(quán)。

At the level of limited partnership enterprises, the founding shareholders or their controlled limited companies serve as the general partners of the partnership enterprise, and the incentive objects serve as limited partners. According to the provisions of the Partnership Enterprise Law, limited partnership enterprises shall be executed by general partners in partnership affairs, and limited partners shall not execute partnership affairs and shall not represent limited partnership enterprises externally. Therefore, limited partnership enterprises can be effectively controlled by the founding shareholders and can make decisions independently in accordance with the law, avoiding internal friction between various institutions in the form of limited companies and significantly improving decision-making efficiency. Of course, one should not become a founding shareholder dictatorship in pursuit of excessive efficiency, otherwise it will inevitably dampen the motivation of being a limited partner as an incentive target. According to Article 68 of the Partnership Enterprise Law, limited partners have a certain degree of supervisory power and decision-making power over major matters of the partnership enterprise.

便于創(chuàng)始股東的控制

Facilitate control by founding shareholders

有限合伙企業(yè)與有限責(zé)任公司的一大不同在于：有限公司是以股權(quán)比例來決定控制權(quán)歸屬，而有限合伙企業(yè)則是以身份來決定控制權(quán)歸屬。即有限合伙企業(yè)中作為普通合伙人的創(chuàng)始股東，并不需要像公司股東那樣，依靠持有大部分股權(quán)才能控制平臺。普通合伙人因法律賦予其對合伙企業(yè)的獨(dú)家管理經(jīng)營權(quán)，因此不需要依靠持股份額來實(shí)現(xiàn)對平臺的控制，通常，普通合伙人僅持有合伙企業(yè)1%以內(nèi)的份額，剩余99%的合伙份額可以充分用來進(jìn)行股權(quán)激勵(lì)。這又將有利于提高激勵(lì)的效果。

A major difference between a limited partnership and a limited liability company is that a limited company determines the ownership of control based on its equity ratio, while a limited partnership determines the ownership of control based on its identity. As the founding shareholder of a limited partnership enterprise as a general partner, it does not need to rely on holding a majority of equity to control the platform, as the company's shareholders do. General partners are granted exclusive management and operation rights over the partnership enterprise by law, so they do not need to rely on their shareholding to achieve control over the platform. Generally, general partners only hold less than 1% of the partnership enterprise's shares, and the remaining 99% of the partnership shares can be fully used for equity incentives. This will also be beneficial for improving the effectiveness of incentives.

稅負(fù)優(yōu)勢

Tax burden advantage

相比有限公司持股平臺形式，有限合伙持股平臺可以減少平臺應(yīng)繳納的企業(yè)所得稅，具有稅收優(yōu)勢。按照《財(cái)政部 國家稅務(wù)總局關(guān)于合伙企業(yè)合伙人所得稅問題的通知》（財(cái)稅〔2008〕159號），合伙企業(yè)以每一個(gè)合伙人為納稅義務(wù)人。合伙企業(yè)合伙人是自然人的，繳納個(gè)人所得稅；合伙人是法人和其他組織的，繳納企業(yè)所得稅。合伙企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營所得和其他所得采取“先分后稅”的原則。分別計(jì)算合伙人的所得稅，合伙企業(yè)本身不繳納所得稅。

Compared to the limited company shareholding platform, the limited partnership shareholding platform can reduce the corporate income tax that the platform should pay and has tax advantages. According to the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on the Income Tax Issues of Partnership Enterprise Partners (Caishui [2008] No. 159), partnership enterprises shall designate each partner as the taxpayer. If the partners of a partnership enterprise are natural persons, they shall pay personal income tax; Partners are legal persons and other organizations who pay corporate income tax. The production and operation income and other income of partnership enterprises adopt the principle of "distribution before taxation". Calculate the income tax of partners separately, and the partnership enterprise itself does not pay income tax.

綜上可見，有限合伙企業(yè)比有限責(zé)任公司更適合作股權(quán)激勵(lì)的持股平臺。從實(shí)踐中看，近年來，有限合伙持股平臺是常見的股權(quán)激勵(lì)方式。

In summary, limited partnership enterprises are more suitable as equity incentive platforms than limited liability companies. From a practical perspective, in recent years, limited partnership shareholding platforms have become a common equity incentive method.